Drug delivery systems on titanium surfaces for dental implants: narrative review
Keywords:
Drug delivery systems, Coatings, Dental implant, BiofilmAbstract
Objective: To analyze the primary controlled release and targeted drug
delivery strategies from titanium surfaces, aimed at inhibiting bacterial
adhesion, preventing biofilm formation, and optimizing osseointegration
in dental implantology. Data Collection Method: A comprehensive
literature search was conducted across specialized databases, including
MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Embase. A strategic combination
of controlled search terms (MeSH and Emtree) was employed,
focusing on key concepts such as “dental implant,” “implant,” “drug
delivery systems,” “drug release,” “bacterial adhesion,” and “biofilm.”
Development: The findings identify diverse coating architectures,
ranging from physicochemical modifications—such as TiO2 nanotubes
and biomimetic precipitates—to advanced systems like electrospun
nanofibers, hydrogels, thin films, and nanoparticles. The role of organic
nanoparticles is highlighted as versatile vehicles for localized antibiotic
administration, allowing the limitations of systemic delivery to be
overcome. Conclusions: Drug delivery systems constitute an effective
complementary solution for the design of bioactive implants. Progress
in the field depends on in vivo validation and the optimization of coating
durability to ensure effective clinical translation, with the aim of conferring
persistent bactericidal properties and guaranteeing long-term implant
stability.
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