Defense of labor and professional rights in the veracruz teachers. The history of Petra Calatayud and Felipa Flores in the transition from the 19th to the 20th century

Abstract

From the perspective of gender and the history of education, this work elucida­tes the professional trajectories of teachers Petra Calatayud and Felipa Flores, women from Veracruz who lived at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and whose official history had buried their chores in public life, its struggles, its achievements and failures. Following the tracks of the teaching staff allows us to know how and in what way science and modern pedagogy influenced them in terms of knowledge, attitudes and values. Some difficulties that they experienced and faced are noted, as well as the processes that they transgressed throughout their professional careers. As analyzed in the text, we do not know if they were feminists, what we do [re]know is that they fought for their labor rights, raised their voices against the dominant structures and demanded better conditions for themselves and for their gender.