The cocoa trade, its productivity and competitiveness: the case of Ecuador, Peru and Mexico in the world and us market

Authors

  • Karina Valencia Sandoval Instituto de Ciencias Económico Administrativas - Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-9779
  • Danae Duana Ávila Instituto de Ciencias Económico Administrativas - Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Author

Keywords:

rural, commercial opening, external sector, competitive advantage, volume

Abstract

The objective of this study is to identify the business capacities that generate competitive We can see that changes in consumption patterns are a function of the income received by members of Mexican households. To this end, the percentage that the population allocated, grouped in deciles, was investigated to two basic products of the state diet: barley, based on the information from the National Household Income Expenditure Survey (ENIGH). What Mexicans look for when they eat away from home is speed, quantity, satisfaction, socializing, economy, geographical proximity to their work and the feeling of fullness. The order in which food is presented may induce consumers to choose healthier food options and eat fewer calories (Lozano, 2010). The problem refers to the fact that in Mexico, at the same time as there was an industrialization process, the population tended to concentrate in the urban area, so that the consumption patterns were changing, from a basically rural to an urban diet, that from the beginning it marks a distinction in the use of inputs for food, where some were more natural and others more processed. This process was strengthened with the cultural expansion experienced in the country during the twentieth century called modernization, although, it is assumed that acquired specific features by economic, cultural and geographical region.

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Portada El comercio del cacao, su productividad y competitividad: el caso de Ecuador, Perú y México en el mercado mundial y estadounidense

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Published

2026-02-27

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