Quién se come a quién: Redes alimentarias en ecosistemas marinos y salobres
Palabras clave:
Red alimentaria, carbono, nitrógeno, isótopos, metales pesadosResumen
El objetivo de esta revisión fue presentar un breve panorama de cómo se construyen las redes tróficas en la naturaleza y comprender el impacto de los metales pesados en ellas. Se destacaron los isótopos estables más comunes utilizados para estudiar la trofodinámica en ecosistemas marinos y salobres naturales. Se identificó al productor primario, al consumidor primario, al consumidor secundario y al consumidor terciario como etapas de la red trófica y sus respectivos isótopos estables de carbono y nitrógeno. Se revisaron algunas evidencias de envenenamiento por metales que impactan la salud pública y humana, particularmente en la presencia de metilmercurio en especies de cadmio y plomo en las redes tróficas. Esta revisión consideró al menos 60 artículos científicos de todo el mundo y algunos otros escritos en México para producir este manuscrito. A pesar del avance en ecología trófica, aún existe una brecha en el conocimiento sobre la transferencia de metales pesados en las redes tróficas. Ambas técnicas, el análisis de isótopos estables y el análisis del contenido estomacal, desempeñan un papel clave para comprender la dinámica trófica en las redes tróficas.
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